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Types of Behaviors Essay Example for Free

Sorts of Behaviors Essay Portrayal: In this task, you will apply the standards of old style and operant molding, just as the ideas got from subjective clarifications of learning. You will compose a paper on one of two sorts of practices that can be promptly clarified from a learning point of view. Utilizing a Microsoft Word archive, compose a 500-to 750-word paper that clarifies the advancement of one of the accompanying practices. (Make certain to indicate the conduct you are examining in your paper.) *Fear-driven responses to creepy crawlies *Cigarette smoking *Aggression For the picked conduct, utilize the models of figuring out how to clarify how the conduct may create and be kept up, with the goal that it appears to happen consequently. Learning is the main point of view considered so don't endeavor to utilize different clarifications (i.e., the psychodynamic or natural methodology) in your answer. While setting up your paper, think about the accompanying inquiries: * How may old style molding standards apply to the roots of the conduct and support of it? Plainly demonstrate what the unconditioned and adapted improvements are in your answer. * How may the standards of support talked about in operant molding apply to the conduct? Don’t overlook that support can be either positive or negative in nature. * How do intellectual standards apply to the conduct? Explicitly consider Albert Bandura's thoughts in regards to imitational learning. Your paper ought to be elegantly composed, unique, liberated from sentence structure and spelling blunders, and follow APA design.  â â â â â â â â â â Behavior can be characterized as the aggregate of the considerable number of activities and responses performed by a person in a given situation or circumstance in the environment.â Aggression is a conduct proposed to make damage or agony others or the self.â It might be in the structure a physical activity or verbal.â The models of learning endeavor to depict the way where an individual learns a specific behavior.â Some of the models of learning through which an individual creates forceful conduct incorporate old style molding, operant molding and social learning hypothesis.  â â â â â â â â â â Classical molding was a model of learning characterized by Pavlov following his examinations on dogs.â Pavlov found that when canines were demonstrated food their salivation expanded (Braslau-Schneck, S., 1998).â Food for this situation was an unconditioned upgrade that created an unconditioned reaction (salivation) (Braslau-Schneck, S., 1998).â He at that point over and over introduced a boost to the mutts which was gradually connected with food, (for example, footsteps).â Slowly the pooches started to relate the strides (which after consistent redundancy turned into an adapted improvement) and started to deliver a molded reaction (salivation). Along these lines a few different feelings, for example, dread and hostility can be adapted in an individual (Braslau-Schneck, S., 1998).â In the celebrated JB Watson’s try over little Albert, Watson at first introduced an uproarious sound (unconditioned boost) that made the body scared and cry (unconditioned reaction) due to fear.â He at that point introduced two improvements all the while, that is a rodent and a boisterous sound.â Over a timeframe the kid started to connect the rodent with the noisy sound.â The rodent with reiteration turned into a molded reflex delivering an adapted reaction (indications of dread). A decent case of this with significance to hostility incorporates introduction of a fake hand that grabs away the food while an eager pooch is eating.â The canine would display a forceful reflex, (for example, woofing which is an unconditioned reaction) to the counterfeit hand (unconditioned stimulus).â The canine is then introduced a high-recurrence sound (discernible just to hounds followed) by the presence of the hand.â Following reiterations, the pooch would bark (adapted reaction) after it hears the high-recurrence sound (molded boost), and would not hold up until it is given the unconditioned upgrade.  â â â â â â â â â â According to Skinner’s operant hypothesis, the person when playing out an activity in the earth, encounters an improvement (that energizes or demoralizes such conduct) which will straightforwardly influence the presentation of such activities again in the environment.â It comprises of an activity and the results.â If uplifting feedback happens following the activity, the individual will play out the comparable activity again in the earth, and will likewise expand its recurrence (Boeree, G. C., 1998).  However, on the off chance that the activity is trailed by an aversive upgrade or negative fortification, there will be decreased odds of playing out a similar conduct in the future.â A genuine case of aversive improvements is discipline, which can follow a few forceful acts.â Rigorous detainment can be articulated for a few crimes with the goal that it can go about as a negative support.  â â â â â â â â â â Albert Bandura found the ‘social learning hypothesis of behavior’ (Isom, M. D., 1998).â He thought about that forceful conduct is normally learned through a procedure known as ‘behavior modeling’, which can happen in various ways (particularly by watching older folks act if there should arise an occurrence of youngsters) (Isom, M. D., 1998).â A kid may become forceful and certain fortifications might be experienced, for example, monetary profits, rewards, acclaims from guardians, decrease in interior pressure, etc.â Parents and relatives were regularly considered as models by the kids, and acts performed by them were probably going to be imitated.â The kid will possibly play out the activity of its model if the model was fruitful or is remunerated.  An old style investigation to show the social learning hypothesis is the acclaimed Bobo doll explores in which the kids watched older folks assaulting a doll, and later imitated the activity of the elders.â This kind of observational learning was known as ‘modeling’.â Children who tend to exhibit forceful conduct ought to be distinguished quickly so as to forestall forceful conduct and crime, sometime down the road (Isom, M. D., 1998). Bandura’s hypothesis was tantamount to Skinner’s hypothesis on the grounds that observational learning (as the kid would learn just the activities that were effective or were being compensated) is like a positive reinforcement.â An individual is well on the way to learn criminal conduct during the youthful stage.â Children will in general follow the activities of a similar sex guardians (Bjorkqvist, K., 1997).â Studies have indicated that kids who will in general sit in front of the TV (particularly those projects that show savagery) are at a higher danger of exhibiting forceful conduct sometime down the road. References: Bjorkqvist, K. (1997). Taking in hostility from Models: from a social Learning toward a Cognitive hypothesis of Modeling. In Feshbach, S., Zagrodzka, J. (Ed), Aggression: Biological, Developmental, and Social Perspectives, New York: Plenum Press. http://www.vasa.abo.fi/svf/up/articles/Learning_Aggression_From_Models.PDF Boeree, G. C. (1998). Albert Bandura: Personality Theory. Recovered December 26, 2006, From Shippensburg University Web webpage: http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/bandura.html Boeree, G. C. (1998). B. F. Skinner: Personality Theory. Recovered December 26, 2006, From Shippensburg University Web webpage: http://www.ship.edu/%7Ecgboeree/skinner.html  Braslau-Schneck, S. (1998). An Animal Trainers Introduction to Operant and Classical Conditioning. Recovered December 26, 2006, Stacys Wag and Train  Web webpage: http://www.wagntrain.com/OC/ Isom, M. D. (1998).â The Social Learning Theory. Recovered December 26, 2006, FSU College of Criminology and Criminal Justice Web webpage: http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/bandura.htm

Tips for Finding Examples of Essay Topics for College Students

Tips for Finding Examples of Essay Topics for College StudentsWhen you are looking for examples of essay topics for college students, it is helpful to look at some of the online resources that are available. For example, if you were going to a college freshman writing program you would want to look for the types of essays they had available. Many of the essay topics are going to be the same for different student types, but you will find the information they are looking for can be easier to access from an online resource.One of the best reasons to use an online resource when you are looking for examples of essay topics for college students is that you can see the essay being done and find out about the way in which it is written. Often you will find the writer uses a lot of colloquial terms as well as many other types of abbreviations and abbreviated words. It is often this information that is presented as an example by the online resource.One of the other reasons to find examples of essay topics for college students on an online resource is that it can help you get a general idea of what the student has written. You will find that it often uses a lot of factual statements that are clear and concise. If you want to find a type of essay topic that is difficult to write, you will want to read through the examples of essay topics for college students before you do your own. This is because you want to know that the information is actually correct and that the writer is a skilled writer.The examples that are provided in these examples will also help you get a feel for how the topic is written. Most of the essay topics that are offered through the online resource are going to be in a conversational tone. When you use examples that are in a conversational tone, you will find that the essay will flow and that it will be much easier to write than an essay that is written in a formal style.Another benefit to examples of essay topics for college students is that they can be very useful tools for correcting mistakes. After you find examples of essay topics for college students, you may find that you have a better understanding of what you have written. Once you find the type of essays that you would like to write you can then make changes and updates based on the information found in the examples.The other reasons why you should look for examples of essay topics for college students can include knowing how to write a persuasive essay. If you are working on a thesis that is an argumentative essay, you will need to look for examples of essay topics for college students that are persuasive. You will also find that there are many different types of essay topics for college students, so you should be able to find one that fits your needs.Another thing that is easy to find on the internet are those examples of essay topics for college students that offer essay templates that are free. The templates are usually very basic, but you may be able to use them fo r several different types of essays. You will find that if you are trying to find examples of essay topics for college students with the specific subject matter you will be able to get templates that will help you figure out what is going to be required.When you are looking for examples of essay topics for college students, you will be able to find a lot of resources that can help you with your assignments. The reason that this is helpful is that you will be able to use the help of others in order to complete your projects. Of course, you should remember that there are some great tips and ideas available online as well.

Mandinka Empire - 21578 Words

Bound to Africa: the Mandinka Legacy in the New World Schaffer, Matt. History in Africa, Volume 32, 2005, pp. 321-369 (Article) Published by African Studies Association DOI: 10.1353/hia.2005.0021 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/hia/summary/v032/32.1schaffer.html Access Provided by your local institution at 03/10/13 1:43PM GMT BOUND TO AFRICA: THE MANDINKA LEGACY IN THE NEW WORLD MATT SCHAFFER I I offer here a theory of â€Å"cultural convergence,† as a corollary to Darwin’s natural selection, regarding how slave Creoles and culture were formed among the Gullah and, by extension, supported by other examples, in the Americas. When numerous speakers from different, and sometimes†¦show more content†¦Curtin notes that slave-buying proclivities in the Charleston slave market, emphasizing Mande and including the Mandinka of Senegal and Gambia, might have caused other states such as Virginia to have a slight preference for Senegambian slaves as well. When Curtin’s Table 45 speculates that 13.3% of all slaves imported to North America were from Senegambia, 5.5% from Sierra Leone, and 11.4% were from the Windward Coast or Liberia, he emphasizes the regions of west Africa where large numbers of Mande still live today, including Mandingo, Mende, Malinke, Maninke, Mandinka, Susu, Bambara, Vai, and Dyula among others, distributed among non-M ande groups.3 How many Mande or Mandinka were really in these percentages? The linguistic map showing which ethnic groups in west Africa speak Mande-related languages is immense, with many groups on the coasts or relatively near slave ports.4 Of course the vast area of eastern Mali—the heartland—contains Mande-speakers. But from here the influence spread out all along the 2 3 4 Curtin, 1969:156-57. His numerous sources include the work of Elizabeth Donnan. Ibid. Vydrine/Bergman 2001. The Mandinka Legacy in The New World 323 Gambia River, the Pakao region of southern Senegal, northern Guinea-Bissau, major regions of Guinea and Sierra Leone, significant territory in Liberia, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, and even a border area of northwestern Nigeria. The seeming fragmentation of the Mande among so manyShow MoreRelatedSamore Toure Mandinka Empire3953 Words   |  16 Pagesbegan to amass a personal following in the mid-1850s, establishing a military base on the Upper Niger. By 1870 his authority was acknowledged throughout the Kanaka region of the River Milo, in what is now eastern Guinea. By 1880 he ruled a vast Dyula empire, from the Upper Volta in the east to the Fouta Djallon in the west, over which he attempted to create a single Islamic administrative system. His imperial ambitions clashed with those of the French and there were sporadic battles between 1882 andRead MoreAfrican Kingdoms and Empires2360 Words   |  10 PagesAfrican Kingdoms and Empires During 400 AD, West Africa witnessed the rise and fall of the indigenous medieval empires of ancient Ghana, medieval Mali, and Songhai. Many other states and kingdoms arose during this time but Ghana, Mali and Songhai achieved the status of fully-fledged, functioning and long-living conquest states and expansionist empires. These empires regulated the Trans-Saharan trade by offering protection for trade caravans as well as taxing slaves, gold, firearms, textiles andRead MoreThe Caravans Of Gold And The King And City1265 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations. The first empire in West Africa was the empire of Ghana. West Africa has an economic base in gold, 600 years ago. That means that West Africa had a deposit of gold that had brought great wealth to the surrounding people from which great empires emerged. The gold was trade and the trader with camels carried the gold across the Sahara from West Africa to North Africa. From there traders shipped the gold to Europe and to the West Asia. One of the three most powerful empires in West Africa isRead MoreSundiat An Epic Of Old Mali1472 Words   |  6 PagesIn the story of â€Å"Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali,† the male king, as always is the dominant figure. Maghan Kon Fatta, was a Mandinka king who received a divine hunter at his court. The hunter predicted that if he married an ugly woman she would give him a son who would be a mighty king one day. He had three wives and six children, three of which were boys and three were girls, one of his sons was going to take his spot on the t hrone. Women always seem unequal to men and basically live under aRead MoreThe Functions of Griots - Sundiata Essay1127 Words   |  5 Pagesin the village of Djeliba Koro, on the Niger River, and is the main source of information for the book Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali. The book focuses on the trials and tribulations of Sundiata, a legendary warrior, king, and founder of the Mali Empire; and the functions of griots in serving their king. Sundiata is born to Sogolon, and is supposed to become the king of Mali, but Sundiata cannot walk until he turns 11 years old, and his half brother, Dankaran Touman, becomes the king. DankaranRead MoreBritish Imperialism1137 Words   |  5 Pageswas successful in resisting European control, Ethiopia. Menelik II, emperor of Ethiopia, led his army to defeat General Oreste Baratieris Italian army from gaining control of the country,† (Talton). Samory Tourà ©, another great leader of the Mandinka Empire, faced a more vicious and t enacious army that that of the Italians, he faced the French (Talton). As he gains control of territories in Africa, the French push deeper into the country and Britain pushes further north (Talton). In conclusionRead MoreHow Trade in West Africa Encouraged The Spread of Islam1151 Words   |  5 Pagesafterward became the Tukolor and Mandinka Empire, presently Mali, Guinea and Senegal, was created by a Muslim preacher from Futa Toro named al-Hajj Umar. Umar later begun to trade on non-Muslim captives in exchange for firearms but failed to establish a strong administration which would withstand resistance after his demise and the rule of forced conversion onto Islam. In the meantime, to the southern Tukolor, Samori Toure who was a Muslim merchant founded the Mandinka Empire and established a stable administrationRead MoreLong Distance Trade in West Africa856 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican History 18 March 2011 History of Trade Influence in West Africa Trade has played an important role in the history of the West African region. Trade shaped the region in two main ways. Trade worked as a catalyst for the rise of nearly every empire in the region from its’ earliest times to present day. Also, the growth and spread of trade routes brought in an immense amount of culture with it as well. Trade is and has been a reason for organization in all parts of the world from the daysRead MoreJola Initiation Ritual Essay5690 Words   |  23 Pagesoccupation c) a variation (from a given identity target) History * The first recorded history of Senegal begins in the 8th century when Ghana ruled part of Senegal. It stayed a part of the Ghanaian empire until the 11th century. * The remainder of the country was ruled by the Tekrour empire beginning in the 9th century. It soon turned to Islam after the Almoravide raids from Morocco. * The two kingdoms occupying what we now call Senegal became weaker, but a new kingdom the Djolof arose

Meaning and Symbolism in the Crucible by Arthur Miller

Crucible Meaning Essay Crucible, a noun defined as; a container of metal or refractory material employed for heating substances to high temperatures, in the traditional sense but, it also means a severe, searching test or trial. The latter of the two definitions is exactly what Arthur Miller had in mind when he wrote the play, The Crucible. The play set in Salem Massachusetts during the start of the infamous Salem Witch Trials, is about the struggle to discover truth within the twisted and brutal lies flying about the little town, started mainly by a young girl by the name of Abigail Williams. Abigail Williams, as we quickly come to know, is the past mistress of the prominent Mr. John Proctor, a local farmer. As the tension rises in the†¦show more content†¦Abigail was being accused repeatedly of lying and making up all of the accusations which were of false nature. The many people who were hung because of her testimony was what would now hang over her head. When she was brought before Mary Warr en her false tears and outcries of pain were all an act, but in her mind she was the only one who was correct in her dealings. Abigail was for unfathomable reasons a port of knowledge through which the judges and lawyers convicted and sent to death those who were accused. The awful girl was but of one mind. She wanted revenge and to be back to her â€Å"love†, John Proctor. Abigail tried and tried repeatedly to get her hands on John, she tried to get his wife hanged, and when she couldn’t have him she decided that no one else could. Abigail soon began to accuse John Proctor of the precise thing she was known for, witchcraft. Abigail had been in the woods when the young Mary Warren went mute from the shock of seeing Abigail drink chickens blood and curse Goody Proctor, all of these happenings had to do with Abigail Williams, and now she would have to suffer through her own crucible, to figure out how she was going to get out. And though Abigail did narrowly escap e the major shackles of her crimes, the guilt and foreboding of being a treacherous liar found her rumored to be a young prostitute in Boston. Forever to be alone and used. That was Abigail’s crucible and punishment for all the problems andShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Mills Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pages Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang! How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my name! (Miller, 133) As The Crucible commences, Arthur Mills transports the reader to 17th century Salem, Massachusetts, to reenact the affliction of the Salem Witch Trials, ultimately leading to regret and fatality. Miller utilizes his troubled experience with McCarthyism to advance his writing of this controversial play. During 1692, Salem, Massachusetts, had beenRead MoreThe Crucible By William Miller1185 Words   |  5 PagesCrucible could be defined as a severe test, whereas in The Crucible, all of the townspeople were put to trial when it came to the assumption of witchcraft being used in Salem, Massachusetts. This play was based upon the events that were going on during that time period. During this time it was hard to actually trust so meone because they could possibly falsely accuse one for a crime they had nothing to do with. After reading this play, I was able to notice the symbolism that Miller used. One may beRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding776 Words   |  3 Pagesnegative feature throughout the novel, similar to the play The Crucible. William Golding uses Lord of the Flies as an allegory to present evil and sin through different symbols within the novel, with boys being trapped on an island. Arthur Miller presents evil and sin through a contextual, Puritan society within various characters. Even though both writers present these themes, Golding presents it in the lack of female presence and Miller presents it mainly from a female perspective. If one is to commitRead MoreThe Crucible Reflection Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pages Dorothy Nguyen Period 7 â€Å"The Crucible† â€Å"The Crucible† was a play, which demonstrated the order of human mentality when falling into fear. This comes from the extreme behavior found in response to the Salem witch trials. The Salem witch trials in this play have demonstrated the hidden desires or true thought coming from people. The limitations to prospective actions slowly become narrower as time progresses throughout the storyline and can relate to how the author was facing asRead MoreThe Theme Of Reputation In Arthur Millers The Crucible1059 Words   |  5 Pagesblown out, but it is the light which the world looks for to find its merit† (Lowell). The theme of reputation emerges over many events in The Crucible. It sustains many characters to misinterpret the true light in the world but reveal their anguish about how their loss of reputation will impact the effect in their lives. In the play, The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, a little town in the late 17th century, a group of Puritan girls are accused of witchcraft, including their leader, Abigail Williams. OutRead MoreArthur Millers Good Night, And Good Luck1855 Words   |  8 Pagesfor evidence. Both Arthur Miller’s The Crucible and George Clooney’s Good Night, and Good Luck explore the theme of McCarthyism through numerous ways using conventions of their text types: respectively a play and a film. Each through characterisation and symbolism, as well as individually through the plays title and narrative style, and the films editing, camera techniques and sound track, the texts delve into the subject constructively through their own unique methods. Arthur Miller’s 1953 playRead MoreSignificance Of The Miller s The Crucible 2130 Words   |  9 PagesTo understand the importance of the meaning of Miller’s play The Crucible and the symbolism used within, it is crucial to comprehend not only the author’s background, but also his motivation for writing. The play is about a group of girls that become sick for no apparent reason. Rumors subsequently start and escalate that some individuals are consorting with the devil, consequently creating hysteria and fear in the town. The townsfolk turn on each other, blaming others as a way of exonerating themselvesRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Mind1900 Words   |  8 Pagesreally draw in the reader s attention. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Sigmund Freud both share an amazing writing technique, they like to rely on dreams and their imagination to create their famous stories. Psychoanalysis is said to have several different meanings. For literary purposes the best definiti on as described by Robert Mollinger would be â€Å"a theory of the mind that can serve as an explanatory model for literature†. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Sigmund Freud had the same style of writing, they enjoyed exploringRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay2387 Words   |  10 PagesIn the literary piece, â€Å"The Crucible†, we are able to analyze the play with multiple theories or lenses, The play, which was written in the 1956 by Arthur Miller, is a play full of lust, passion, and lies. It all started when a small village which was once all about religion and simplicity and became a one stop ride to hell and eternal hanging. Tituba, Abigail, and the others were originally caught dancing and evoking the devil himself by Reverend Parris. Hysteria was what Parris originally reported

Black Like Me Essay Research Paper Title free essay sample

Black Like Me Essay, Research Paper Title: Black Like Me Writer: John Howard Griffin Subject: Discrimination because of race can alter a individual? s whole mentality on life. Plot: John is a white author who spends six hebdomads as a? Negro? in the southern provinces. He subsequently studies of his tests and adversities, he tells how he dealt with racism as both a white adult male and a black adult male. Setting: This book takes topographic point in largely the southern provinces. John travels from New Orleans, Louisiana, through Mississippi, and so into Alabama as a? Negro. ? It started in October of 1959 and John returned place to Mansfield, Texas in December. For the following eight months John tells the documents, telecasting Stationss, and wirelesss of his experiences populating as a? Negro. ? During those eight months he besides has some menaces towards his household, so they travel around remaining at topographic points they think will be safer. We will write a custom essay sample on Black Like Me Essay Research Paper Title or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Word picture: Mr. Griffin, as they called him in the South, wanted to cognize what it felt like to be discriminated by the colour of your tegument. He had a loving married woman and 3 childs who he perfectly adored. As a really courageous and funny adult male he headed into a chilling universe as a? Negro? trusting for the best. Sterling Williams was? the shoe reflecting man. ? He was in his 50 and had a hitch, which with he had to utilize a crutch. He was really friendly and was a great aid to John. Excerpt: ? . . . I stood in the darkness before the mirror, my manus on the light switch. I forced myself to flick it on. In the inundation of visible radiation against white tile, the face and shoulders of a alien? a fierce, bald, really dark Negro-glared at me from the glass. He in no manner resembled me. The transmutation was entire and flooring. I had expected to see myself disguised, but this was something else. I was imprisoned in the flesh of an arrant alien, an unsympathetic on with whom I felt no affinity. All hints of John Griffin I had been were wiped from being. . . . ? Discussion: Finding out how it feels to be discriminated because of your race is a factor of both the secret plan and the word picture. The whole footing of the narrative was to calculate out what consequence favoritism has on a individual. John so went through medical intervention to alter himself into a? Negro. ? After making so he so walked the streets of Louisiana, spent darks in random hotels, and traveled at the dorsum of the coach. Merely so he could experience the full consequence of being a? Negro. ? Characterization was besides a large portion. With out John desiring to make this nil would hold worked. He besides didn? t alteration his personality or even his name. Mr. Griffin had to be strong indoors to cover with the torment, grief, and racism that he encountered. BY making this undertaking John non merely got a better image of how it was to be a? Negro? , but it besides changed his mentality on life forever.

Theo ch 5 crossword Flashcard

Theo ch 5 crossword